D.

    § 18. The investigation of intrinsic values is complicated by the fact that the value of a whole may be different from the sum of the value of its parts, …
    § 19. in which case the part has to the whole a relation, which exhibits an equally important difference from and resemblance to that of means to end. …
    § 20. The term ‘organic whole’ might well be used to denote that a whole has this property, since, of the two other properties which it is commonly used to imply, …
    § 21. one, that of reciprocal causal dependence between parts, has no necessary relation to this one, …
    § 22. and the other, upon which most stress has been laid, can be true of no whole whatsoever, being a self-contradictory conception due to confusion. …
    § 23. Summary of chapter.