Footnotes

¹ International Journal of Ethics, October, 1902.

² Not now in 1921.

³ Pragmatism: A New Name for some Old Ways of Thinking: Popular Lectures on Philosophy. By William James. Longmans, Green, and Co., 1907.

⁴ Appearance and Reality (2nd edn.), p. 35. The Italics are mine.

⁵ Op. at. pp. 131-2.

⁶ E. Westermarck, The Origin and Development of Moral Ideas, Vol. I, pp. 4, 13, 17-18, 100-101. On p. 105, however, Westermarck suggests a view inconsistent with this one; namely that, when I judge an action to be wrong, I am not merely asserting that it has a tendency to excite moral indignation in me, but am also asserting that other people would be convinced that it has a tendency to excite moral indignation in them, if they “knew the act and all its attendant circumstances as well as [I do], and if, at the same time their emotions were as refined as [mine].”

⁷ Ibid. p. 89.